United States civil utility aircraft 1930-1939

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Source: Wikipedia. Pages: 72. Chapters: Beechcraft Model 18, Piper J-3, Lockheed Model 12 Electra Junior, ERCO Ercoupe, Beechcraft Staggerwing, Luscombe 8, Grumman Goose, Bellanca Cruisair, Fairchild 24, Gwinn Aircar, Northrop Delta, Stinson Reliant, Northrop Gamma, Monocoupe 90, Pitcairn PCA-2, Waco C Series, Stinson Voyager, Taylor E-2, Waco F series, Stout Skycar, Ford Model 15-P, Waco S series, Security Airster S-1, Howard DGA-8, Aeronca C-3, Brown B-3, Curtiss-Wright CW-3 Duckling, Kellett K-2, Curtiss-Wright CW-19, Culver Cadet, Spartan Executive, Douglas Dolphin, Spartan C5, Waco E series, Waco A series, Rearwin Cloudster, Pitcairn PA-19, Fairchild Model 45, Culver PQ-14 Cadet, Fairchild 22, Aeronca K, Bellanca 31-40, Rearwin Sportster, Taylor J-2, Culver Dart, Monocoupe 110 Special, Porterfield 35, Bellanca 14-7, Fleetwings Sea Bird, Seversky SEV-3, Welch OW-5M, Anderson Z, American Eagle Eaglet 31, Waco N series, Waco CRG, Nicholas-Beazley NB-8G, Luscombe Phantom, Spartan C4, Bellanca CH-400, Viking B-8 Kittyhawk, Taylorcraft B, Kinner Envoy, Aeronca L, Harlow PJC-2, Aeronca 50 Chief, Aeronca C-1 Cadet, Curtiss-Wright CW-15, Waco YKS-7, Thaden T-4, Cessna EC-1, Cessna EC-2, Sikorsky S-39, Luscombe 4, Crawford CLM, Waterman Whatsit, Metal Aircraft Corporation Flamingo. Excerpt: The Beechcraft Model 18, or "Twin Beech", as it is better known, is a 6-11 seat, twin-engine, low-wing, conventional-gear aircraft that was manufactured by the Beech Aircraft Corporation of Wichita, Kansas. This model saw military service during and after World War II in a number of versions including the United States Army Air Forces (USAAF) C-45 Expeditor, AT-7 Navigator, AT-11 Kansan, and for the United States Navy (USN), UC-45J Navigator and the SNB-1 Kansan. The Beech 18 is the most modified U.S.-certified aircraft design, with over 200 Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) approved Supplemental Type Certificates (STCs) on record for the aircraft. In addition to carrying passengers the aircraft's uses have included aerial spraying, sterile insect release, fish seeding, dry ice cloud seeding, aerial firefighting, airborne mail pick up and drop, ambulance service, numerous movie productions, skydiving, freight, gun- and drug-smuggling, engine test bed, skywriting and banner towing. The Model 18 was the first aircraft flown by Philippine Airlines, Asia's first and oldest airline. Many are now in private hands as prized collectibles. By the late 1930s, Beechcraft management speculated that a demand would exist for a new design dubbed the Model 18 which would have a military application, and increased the main production facilities. The design was mainly conventional for the time, including twin radial engines, all-metal semi-monocoque construction with fabric covered control surfaces and "taildragger" undercarriage, while less common were the twin tail fins. Upon an immediate glance they can be mistaken for the larger Lockheed Electra series of airliners which closely resemble the Model 18. Early production aircraft were either powered by two 330 hp (250 kW) Jacobs L-6s or 350 hp (260 kW) Wright R-760Es. The 450 hp (336 kW) Pratt & Whitney R-985 became the definitive engine from the prewar C18S onwards. The Beech 18 prototype first flew on 15 January 1937. At the t