The Chemical Gazette, Vol. 12

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Excerpt from The Chemical Gazette, Vol. 12: Or, Journal of Practical Chemistry, in All Its Applications to Pharmacy, Arts and Manufactures Saponine was first found in the root of Saponaria officinalis. Bley afterwards discovered a peculiar substance in the root of Gypsophilia Struthium, which he named struthiine. Bussy ascertained the identity of struthiine with saponine. Fremy has instituted experiments to ascertain the composition of saponine. The numbers which he obtained by analysis agree with the formula C²6H²4O¿6 or C²4H²¿O¿5. Fremy also discovered a substance in the fruit, it was insoluble in æther, its watery solution frothed strongly, and when heated in presence of acids became converted into an acid, which is insoluble in water, and separated in the form of white flakes. This acid, which is insoluble in water, and separated in the form of white flakes. This acid, which according to Fremy furnishes crystallized salts with alkalies, and which is also formed by the action of alkalies upon the substance obtained from the horse-chestnut, was named by him asculic acid. As the degree of solubility of saponine in water, alcohol, and æther is the same as that of the substance obtained from the horse-chestnut, and as the frothing watery solution of saponine, when heated after the addition of a mineral acid, is also decompose with separation of white flakes, Fremy has regarded the substance obtained from horse-chestnuts as identical with saponine. Fremy gives for æsculic acid the formula C5²H46O²4=2(C²5H²4O¿6 saponine - H²O²) - O4. As the authors did not succeed in preparing from saponine an acid possessing the properties of Fremy's æsculic acid, either the principle of the horse-chestnut is not saponine, or the statements with respect to æsculic acid must be erroneous, which of these alternatives is correct can only be ascertained by experiment. Saponine has also been recognized in the root of Gypsophilia fastigiata, L., G. altissima, L., and G. acutifolia, Fisch. Malapert found saponine in Dianthus caryophylus, L., D. Carthusianorum, L., D. coesius, L., D. prolifer, L., in Silene inflata, L., in all parts of Chem. Gaz 1854. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully, any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.