Minutes of Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers, Vol. 58

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Excerpt from Minutes of Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers, Vol. 58: With Other Selected and Abstracted Papers, Session 1878-79, Part IV Bituminous Concrete Foundations - The positions in which bi tumin -ous is preferred to cement concrete, have already been described. It is constructed in Liverpool as follows: On the hard but often irregular bed of the old foundation, previously well brushed, is thrown the required thickness of broken stone of the size of rough macadam. This is well levelled and rolled to the proper form, and -over it is poured precisely the same asphaltic composition as that above described for making the joints of sets. The asphalt sinks to the bottom, and fills the smallest crevices between the stones. On the surface, while the asphalt is still warm, is laid a thin stratum of small broken stone, which is thoroughly rolled into the asphalt, and fills up the upper spaces between the larger stones. As in the process of rolling the soft asphalt rises between the smaller stones, still smaller riddlin gs are scattered over it, until a perfectly true and uniform surface is obtained. In a few hours this surface will bear any amount of ramming without distortion. The cost per square yard of bituminous concrete foundations in Liverpool, 6 inches deep, is as follows. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully, any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.