Greek and Roman Artillery 399 BC–AD 363

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Developed around 400 BC in Syracuse, the catapult or 'katapeltikon' was conceived as a defensive weapon, and used as such Athens from 360 BC. By 340, Philip of Macedon had seen the weapon's offensive possibilities, using catapults in his assault on Perinthus, but it was left to his son Alexander to fully develop their offensive use. Under the Romans, the catapult underwent minor variations intended to improve its performance - this book provides a full survey of the evolution and deployment of the catapult during the classical period.