Friedberger Frohner's Veterinary Pathology, Vol. 2: Authorised Translation (Classic Reprint)
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Excerpt from Friedberger Frohner's Veterinary Pathology, Vol. 2: Authorised Translation
Etiology. - The causes of acute nasal catarrh, or superficial inflammation of the mucous membranes of the nasal cavity are various.
I. Primary, independent, acute nasal catarrh is most frequently produced by cold, especially in spring and autumn. Limp, pampered and youthful animals are particularly predisposed to it. The much greater frequency of acute nasal catarrh in horses than in other animals, such as cattle, may be explained partly by their greater exposure to cold, and partly by the extensive width of their nostrils, whereby the mucous membranes are more exposed to external irritants. Among the latter we may mention, the inhalation of dust from the streets or from fodder, of smoke, fungi, spores, etc., which may be floating in the air after distribution of food, also from the ammoniacal air of close and crowded stables. The possibility of infectious influences in the production of coryza cannot be denied, as its occasional epizootic appearance points clearly to some such cause. But nothing positive is as yet known on this head.
2. Acute nasal catarrh occurs secondarily with very great frequency as an accompaniment of other diseases, especially of infectious diseases and diseases of the breathing organs. Sometimes the catarrhal process extends from a primarily affected mucous membrane, as, e.g., from the pharynx to the nasal cavity.
Symptoms. - The first signs of acute nasal catarrh consist in a diffuse hyperemia (less frequently petechial), as well as in dryness of the nasal mucous membranes.
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