Core issues in ethics

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Source: Wikipedia. Pages: 252. Chapters: Racism, Abortion, Torture, Euthanasia, Racial segregation, Reality, Altruism, Truth, Seven deadly sins, Virtue, Crime against humanity, Naturalistic fallacy, Body, Evil, Wisdom, Labour economics, Meaning of life, Peace, Equity, Courage, Belief, Guilt, Privacy, Organ donation, Will, Integrity, Consensus decision-making, Debt, Punishment, Human condition, Happiness, Bumiputera, Racialism, Accountability, Adversarial process, Cowardice, Assisted suicide, Sociocultural evolution, Usury, Risk, Natural and legal rights, Voluntary euthanasia, Asha, Forgiveness, Good and evil, Human subject research, Betrayal, Suffering, Trust, Ethical arguments regarding torture, Philosophy of human rights, Philosophy of suicide, Corporate crime, Persecution, Suppression of dissent, Ethics of eating meat, Duty of care, Safety, Laziness, Seven virtues, Revenge, Violinist, Paradox of hedonism, World Bank's Inspection Panel, Moralistic fallacy, Chain of responsibility, Criticism of debt, Hatred, Social responsibility, Impartiality, Ideal, Therapeutic abortion, Medical debt, Respect, Consent, Moral agency, Ubasute, Equal consideration of interests, Distrust, Dissimulation, Temptation, Obligation, National Oppression, Hisbah, Moral example, Cruelty, Playing God. Excerpt: Racism is the belief that there are inherent differences in people's traits and capacities which are entirely due to their race, however defined, and which consequently justify those people being treated differently, both socially and legally. Alternatively, racism is the practice of certain group/s of people being treated differently, which is then justified by recourse to racial sterotyping or pseudo-science. Those who disagree with the proposition that there are races or that there are such inherent (ie. non-personal, social or cultural) differences regard any differences in treatment of people on the basis of those criteria as being racial discrimination. Some of those who argue that there are such inherent differences also argue that one race is inferior over another race. In the case of institutional racism, certain racial groups may be denied rights or benefits, or receive preferential treatment. Racial discrimination typically points out taxonomic differences between different groups of people, although anyone may be discriminated against on an ethnic or cultural basis, independently of their somatic differences. According to the United Nations conventions, there is no distinction between the term racial discrimination and ethnicity discrimination. There is some evidence that the meaning of the term has changed over time, and that earlier definitions of racism involved the simple belief that human populations are divided into separate races. Many biologists, anthropologists, and sociologists reject this taxonomy in favor of more specific and/or empirically verifiable criteria, such as geography, ethnicity, or a history of endogamy. The word racism as a distinct term did not appear in the English language until the 1930s. While the term "race hatred" had been used by sociologist Frederick Hertz in the late 1920s, "racism" was coined as the title of the early 1930s book by sexologist and homosexual activist Magnus Hirschfeld. Racism involves the belief in rac