Biological Properties of Peptidoglycan

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Frontmatter -- Preface -- Sponsors -- Contents -- I. Structural Aspects, Immunochemistry Of Peptidoglycan And Antibodies To Peptidoglycan -- Structure And Immunochemistry Of Peptidoglycan / Seidl, Peter H. / Schleifer, Karl Heinz -- The Diagnostic Value Of Antibodies To Peptidoglycan And Other Staphylococcus Aureus Antigens In Serious Staphylococcal Infections / Christensson, B. -- On The Relationships Between Conformational And Biological Properties Of Murein / Labischinski, H. / Johannsen, L. -- A Three-Dimensional Model Of Peptidoglycan Corresponding With The Results Of X-Ray- And Electron Diffraction, High Resolution Electron Microscopy And The Properties Of Peptidoglycan / Formanek, H. -- Structure Determination Of Peptidoglycans By Fast Atom Bombardment Mass Spectrometry / Martin, S.A. / Biemann, K. / Rosenthal, R.S. -- The Peptidoglycan And Linked Polymers Of The Unicellular Cyanobacterium Synechocystis PCC 6714 / Jürgens, Uwe Johannes / Weckesser, Jürgen -- Chemical And Immunochemical Studies On The In Vivo And In Vitro Degradation Of Peptidoglycan Subunits And Cell Wall Complexes In Relation To Inflammatory Diseases / Fox, A. / Gilbart, J. / Harrison, J. / Pararajasegaram, G. / Wells, A. / Hammer, M. / Yang, C-H -- Specific Immunoglobulin E Antibodies to Peptidoglycan? / Seidl, Josef / Seidl, Peter H. / Schleifer, Karl Heinz -- Specific Immunoglobulin G Antibodies in Man against the Glycan Strand of Peptidoglycan / Zauner, E. / Reissenweber, S. / Leitherer, G. / Schleifer, K.H. / Seidl, P.H. -- Release of Penicillin-Binding Proteins from ß-Lactam Treated Bacteria: Determination by Anti-ß-Lactam Antibodies / Hakenbeck, R. / Ellerbrok, H. / Briese, Th. / Adkinson, N.F. -- Anti-Peptidoglycan Serology in Patient Sera and Experimental Production of Anti-Peptidoglycan Antibody by Immunisation with Rheumatoid Factor / Evans, H.B. / Phua, K.K. / Johnson, P.M. -- Antibodies against a Synthetic Peptidoglycan-Precursor Pentapeptide Containing Lysine Cross-React with Soluble Peptidoglycan Containing Diaminopimelic Acid / Zeiger, Allen R. -- Antibodies to Various Bacterial Cell Wall Peptidoglycans in Patient Sera and in Rabbit Sera / Wergeland, Heidrun I. / Endresen, Curt -- Antibodies to the Pentapeptide Subunit of Peptidoglycan in Human Sera / Kuchenbauer, T. / Tvmpner, K.-D. / Seidl, P.H. / Schleifer, K.H. -- Problems with 'Teichoic Acid" Antigen Used in Staphylococcus aureus Serology / Herzog, Ch. / Just, V. / Berger, R. / Just, M. -- Lipid A Antibodies in Man / Marget, W. / Mar, P. / Haslberger, H. / Huber, M. -- Electron Microscopic Localization of Peptidoglycan in the Cell Wall of Streptococcus pyogenes by Means of Labelled Antibodies and Lysozyme / Wagner, M. / Rýc, M. / Wagner, B. -- Immunoelectron' Microscopic Studies on Peptidoglycan from Gram Positive Bacteria: Specific Reactions with the Glycan Moiety, the Pentapeptide Subunit and the Interpeptide Bridge / Franken, Norbert / Golecki, Jochen R. / Seidl, Peter H. / Zwerenz, Peter / Schleifer, Karl H. -- II. Degradation Of Peptidoglycan, Peptidoglycanlike Products In The Host -- Soluble Peptidoglycans: Lymphocyte-Activating Bacterial Products Found in Man / Zeiger, Allen R. -- How Are Cell-Wall Components of Pathogenic Microorganisms Degraded in Infectious and Inflammatory Sites?: Facts and Myths / Ginsburg, Isaac -- State of Peptidoglycan in Spheroplasts of Proteus mirabilis grown in the Presence of Different BLactam- Antibiotics / Huber, Kora / Martin, H.H. -- Degradability by Lysozyme of Staphylococcal Cell Walls as a Function of O-Acetyl Groups / Johannsen, L. / Labischinski, H. / Giesbrecht, P. -- O-Acetylation of Staphylococcal Cell Walls as an Important Factor for their Degradability Within Bone Marrow-Derived Macrophages / Wecke, Jörg / Kwa, Elly / Johannsen, Lars / Giesbrecht, Peter / Lahav, Meir / Ginsburg, Isaac -- Metabolic Fate of Peptidoglycan Monomer from Brevibacterium divaricatum and Biological Activity of its Metabolites / Tomasic, J. / Valinger, Z. / Hrsak, I. / Ladesic, B. -- Determination of the Size Distribution of the Glycan Strands Released from Murein of E. coli by Human Serum Amidase / Ludewitz, H. / Höltje, J.-V. -- Endogenous Induction of Bacterial Lysis by Cloned PhiX174 Gene E Product / Bläsi, U. / Harkness, R.E. / Witte, A. / Halfmann, G. / Lubitz, W. -- Radioimmunoassays for the Selective Detection of the Glycan Moiety and the Pentapeptide Subunit in Secreted Peptidoglycans / Zwerenz, P. / Hagen, F. / Leitherer, G. / Seidl, P.H. / Schleifer, K.H. -- III. Action Of Peptidoglycan On Cells -- Effects of Peptidoglycan on the Cellular Components of the Immune System / Dziarski, Roman -- Suboptimal Concentrations of LPS are Necessary for in vitro Activation of Rat Alveolar Macrophages by Muramylpeptides / Barratt, G. / Tenu, J.-P. / Petit, J.-F. / Nolibe, D. -- Antiviral and Antitumor Effects of Liposome-Entrapped MTP-PE, a Lipophilic Muramylpeptide / Schumann, G. -- Effects of Staphylococcal Peptidoglycan on Phagocytic Cells and Host Mediation Systems / Fleer, A. / Jaspers, F.C.A. / Verhoef, J. -- Cellular Response to Streptococcal Peptidoglycan and Tetanus Toxoid in Glomerulonephritis-Patients: Correlation to Complement Genotype / Feucht, H.E. / O'Neill, G.J. / Riethmüller, G. / Brase, A. / Seidl, P.H. -- IV. Diverse Biological Activities Of Peptidoglycan -- Acute And Chronic Inflammation Induced By Peptidoglycan Structures And Polysaccharide Complexes / Stimpson, S.A. / Schwab, J.H. / Janusz, M.J. / Anderle, S.K. / Brown, R.R. / Cromartie, W.J. -- Biological Activity Of Peptidoglycan In Man / Heymer, B. / Mayenburg, J. v. -- Pathomechanisms Of Peptidoglycan In Man / Mayenburg, J.v. / Heymer, B. -- Role Of Peptidoglycan In Gonococcal Arthritis / Rosenthal, R. S. / Montoya, F. R. / Nogami, W. / Fleming, T. J. -- Teichoic Acid-Free Peptidoglycan Of Staphylococcus Aureus RM 59 Does Not Activate Complement / Loos, Michael / Seidl, Peter H. / Schleifer, K.H. -- Somnogenic Muramyl Peptides / Krueger, J.M. -- Synthetic Lipopeptide Analogues of Peptidoglycan- Associated Lipoprotein Are Potent Novel B-Lymphocyte Mitogens / Bessler, W.G. / Kleine, B. / Cox, M. / Lex, A. / Suhr, B. / Wiesmüller, K.-H. / Jung, G. / Martinez-Alonso, C. -- Guest Lecture -- Lipid A, The Endotoxic Principle Of Bacterial Lipopolysaccharides: Chemical Structure And Biological Activity / Rietschel, E. Th. / Brade, H. / Brade, L. / Kawahara, K. / Lüderitz, Th. / Schade, U. / Tacken, A. / Zähringer, U. -- V. Adjuvant Activity And Immunomodulation By Peptidoglycan -- Macrophage Activation By Muramyl Peptides / Parant, M. / Chedid, L. -- Immunomodulation By Muramyldipeptide (Mdp) / Finger, H. / Wirsing von Koenig, C.H. -- Disaccharide MDP Analogs, Preparation And Some Biological Properties / Zaoral, M. / ParkaS, J. / Ledvina, M. / Jezek, J. / Rotta, J. / Rýc, M. -- Biological Activity Of Synthetic Disaccharide-Peptide Analogues Of Peptidoglycan / Rýc, M. / Rotta, J. / Straka, R. / Zaoral, M. / FarkaS, J. / Ledvina, M. / Jezek, J. / Pekárek, J. -- Enzymatic Obtention Of Biologically Active Glycopeptides From Actinomadura R 39 / Guinand, M. / Morel, P. / Vacheron, M.J. / Michel, G. / Dupassieu, P. / Yavordios, D. -- Adjuvant Active Peptidoglycans Induce The Secretion Of A Cytotoxic Factor By Macrophages / Vacheron, F. / Guenounou, M. / Nauciel, C. -- Stimulation Of Nonspecific Resistance Against Aerogenic Viral And Bacterial Infections By Muramyl Dipeptide Combined With Trehalose Dimycolate / Masihi, K.N. / Brehmer, W. / Lange, W. -- Increased Adjuvant Activity of MDP by Direct Coupling of MDP to the Immunogen / Jolivet, M. / Audibert, F. / Chedid, L. / Clough, E.R. -- Contributors and Participants -- Author Index -- Subject Index -- Backmatter