Anthropology, Public Policy, and Native Peoples in Canada

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Since the 1950s the federal government has mounted a series of initiatives to address the social, economic, and political marginality of Canadian Natives. These initiatives have had a fundamental and often negative impact on Native communities, often as a result of the intense resistance they have generated. Dealing with these developments has gradually altered the character of anthropologists' work. Professional anthropologists are no longer confined to working in universities or museums but are to be found involved in advocacy work as consultants or as salaried employees of band and tribal councils, provincial and national aboriginal peoples' organizations, and a variety of federal and provincial government agencies. The traditional anthropological practice of "participant observation" has shifted towards increased "participation.